Ошибка expected declaration specifiers or before

I’ve been trying to learn C from a book called C Programming Absolute Beginner’s Guide and I have come across a problem and the one bad thing is you can’t ask a book a question! Typed the error into Google and it brought me to this site. The error I’m getting is in the question title and this is my code.

#include <stdio.h>

 main(

{

 //Set up the variables, as well as define a few

    char firstInitial, middleInitial;
    int number_of_pencils;
    int number_of_notebooks;
    float pencils = 0.23;
    float notebooks = 2.89;
    float lunchbox = 4.99;


    //The information for the first child
    firstInitial = 'J';
    middleInitial = 'R';

    number_of_pencils = 7;
    number_of_notebooks = 4;

    printf("%c%c needs %d pencils, %d notebooks, and 1 lunchboxn",
        firstInitial, middleInitial,number_of_pencils,
        number_of_notebooks);
    printf("The total cost is £%.2fnn", number_of_pencils*pencils + number_of_notebooks*notebooks + lunchbox);

    //The information for the second child
    firstInitial ='A';
    middleInitial = 'J';

    number_of_pencils = 10;
    number_of_notebooks = 3;

    printf("%c%c needs %d pencils, %d notebooks, and 1 lunchboxn",
        firstInitial, middleInitial,number_of_pencils,
        number_of_notebooks);
    printf("The total cost is £%.2fnn", number_of_pencils*pencills
        + number_of_notebooks*notebooks + lunchbox);

    //The information for the third child
    firstInitial = 'M';
    middleInitial = 'T';

    number_of_pencils = 9;
    number_of_notebooks = 2;

    printf("%c%c needs %d pencils, %d notebooks, and 1 lunchboxn",
        firstInitial, middleInitial,number_of_pencils,
        number_of_notebooks);
    printf("The total cost is £%.2fn",
        number_of_pencils8pencils + number_of_notebooks*notebooks + lunchbox);

        return0;
}

)

What’s wrong with this code?

I had the same problem. My error messages were:

TarHeader.h:15:24: error: expected declaration specifiers or '...' before numeric constant
TarHeader.c:69:61: error: expected declaration specifiers or '...' before string constant

And the specific lines of code were:

* Line 15 in TarHeader.h:

#define TAR_BLOCK_SIZE 512

* Line 69 (v1) in TarHeader.c:

static_assert(TAR_BLOCK_SIZE == sizeof(tar_posix_header_t), "Incorrect header definition");

When I tried to change it I changed the includes in «TarHeader.c» (removed include of «TarHeader.h»)
The line seems then like this (Line 69 (v2) in TarHeader.c)

static_assert(512== sizeof(tar_posix_header_t), "Incorrect header definition");

And the error codes changed:

TarHeader.c:69:15: error: expected declaration specifiers or '...' before numeric constant
TarHeader.c:69:50: error: expected declaration specifiers or '...' before string constant

When I removed line 65 of «TarHeader.c» no error was reported even with the previously used include.

The static assert was copied from another project (also in C) ane there was no problem. But it was a different compiler.

Solution:

Search for the use of these defines and see what use causes this problem.

0

0

gcc -nodefaultlibs -nostdlib -fPIC -static  -I/home/xvilka/build/cross/sys-root/usr/include -O2 
-fPIC  -nodefaultlibs -nostdlib -fPIC -static  -I/home/xvilka/build/cross/sys-root/usr/include -I. 
  -DHAVE_CONFIG_H  -D_U_="__attribute__((unused))" -c ./pcap-usb-linux.c
In file included from ./pcap-usb-linux.c:57:
/home/xvilka/build/cross/sys-root/usr/include/string.h:431: error: expected declaration specifiers or '...' before '(' token
/home/xvilka/build/cross/sys-root/usr/include/string.h:431: error: expected declaration specifiers or '...' before '(' token
/home/xvilka/build/cross/sys-root/usr/include/string.h:431: error: expected declaration specifiers or '...' before '(' token
/home/xvilka/build/cross/sys-root/usr/include/string.h:431: error: expected ')' before ',' token
make[1]: *** [pcap-usb-linux.o] Error 1

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Here, we are going to learn why an error expected declaration specifies before printf() in C occurred and how to fix it in C programming language?

Submitted by IncludeHelp, on September 09, 2018

The main cause of this error is — missing opening curly brace ({), before the printf() function.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
	printf("Hello world");
	return 0;
}

Output

prog.c: In function ‘main’:
prog.c:4:2: error: expected declaration specifiers before ‘printf’
  printf("Hello world");
  ^~~~~~
prog.c:5:2: error: expected declaration specifiers before ‘return’
  return 0;
  ^~~~~~
prog.c:6:1: error: expected declaration specifiers before ‘}’ token
 }
 ^
prog.c:6:1: error: expected ‘{’ at end of input

In this program, opening brace of the main() block is missing

How to fix?

To fix this and such errors, please take care of curly braces, they are properly opened and closed.

Correct code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void){
	printf("Hello world");
	return 0;
}

Output

Hello world

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